PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in humans is a core driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)1. It has become increasingly clear that this overuse and misuse is global. And that

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” While progress in reducing the rate of child mortality since the launch of the Millennium Development Goals in 1990 has been promising, improvements in reducing neonatal mortality have been far

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Due to the antibiotic resistance crisis that has dramatically emerged at the beginning of the new century, the past decade has seen a notable resurgence of clinical trials involving antibiotics1,2. Indeed,

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” With the ever-increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance, there has been considerable discussion about approaches for new therapeutics. This is especially so for Gram-negative bacteria many of which the U.S. Center

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases or ProMED is an online global emerging infectious diseases and outbreak surveillance network1. It is the flagship program of the International Society for Infectious

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” There is no doubt that the world needs new antibiotics, especially truly innovative ones with new modes of actions to attack drug-resistant bacteria and counter the silent surge of antimicrobial

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Ghana falls within the WHO hotspot for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence in Sub-Saharan Africa1. Concerted efforts are therefore being made to contain the public health challenges posed by drug-resistant bacteria

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed many areas of public health preparedness that are lacking, especially in lower- and middle-income countries. This reinforces the importance of preventative measures such

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Japan has contributed to the research and development of antimicrobial agents from early on and has developed many of them. The table presented below shows trends in the development of

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” It may seem strange when discussing tackling antibiotic resistance, but in this viewpoint, I will start by talking about SARS-CoV-2, the virus that is causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Other diseases

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The success of modern medicine relies upon access to effective antibacterial drugs. However, the continued threat of antibiotic resistance has resulted in an urgent need for new antibacterial treatments. In

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The COVID-19 pandemic has brought in its wake dramatic and stressful changes in our lives. More significantly, we, as health care professionals, have had to adapt and evolve with the

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Zoliflodacin is an oral antibiotic with a novel mode of action distinct from quinolones. The majority of uncomplicated urogenital and rectal gonococcal infections were successfully treated with oral zoliflodacin in

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This commentary was originally published on 19 September 2020 on the AMR.Solutions website (amr.solutions) and adapted on 6 October 2020 as a Viewpoint for the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” In this Antimicrobial Viewpoint article, I explore the two types of clinical

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The challenge of access to antibiotics Whether it concerns an old or new antibiotic, access to these drugs represents a major challenge globally and this is not a recent problem.

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) could reverse gains made by modern medicine. In May 2015, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Action Plan (GAP) on AMR that called

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The number of drug-resistant bacterial infections is rising across the world and new treatments are urgently required1. One of the barriers to discovering new antibiotics is a lack of information

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Surveillance has been promoted as an important tool to monitor the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. Beyond this purpose, surveillance is conducted to identify the increase in prevalence of certain pathogens,

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” COVID-19 represents an unprecedented public health crisis that will bring many novel insights. This worldwide disturbance will probably affect the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many different ways that

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a system-wide approach to guiding, promoting and overseeing the safe and judicious use of antimicrobials. An AMS programme aims to safeguard antimicrobials, especially antibiotics, for future

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The O’Neill report1 suggested that up to 10 million people will die from antibiotic resistant infections by 2050. This figure has been adopted by health authorities, researchers and the general

Artikel auf Deutsch lesen Lire en français PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The spectre of an infectious disease pandemic killing tens of thousands of people across the globe is no longer a

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” There is a growing awareness that companies with newly approved antibiotics face substantial economic challenges. Yet we remain concerned that there is a general lack of understanding of the mechanics

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Gonorrhoea and chlamydia are the two most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the world, with a staggering 214 million new cases occurring in 2016 alone.1 While anyone having unprotected

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Every autumn the Diwali festival is celebrated with food, gifts and fireworks. Ramanan Laxminarayan, Chair of the Board of the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) reflects on India’s

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been an ongoing threat to public health in South Africa as well as other countries in Africa. Disturbingly, the burden in the continent from infectious diseases

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Antimicrobial resistance has a language problem, and we’ve known it for a while. Back in 2015, Wellcome published research revealing that people in the UK have little awareness of the

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” After approval of four new ß-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) combinations in the last five years, a new member of the ß-lactam class made it to the finish line. On November 14,

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The traditional model for the development and marketing of new chemical entity (NCE) antibiotics has collapsed. The companies which develop NCEs for resistant bacteria struggle to survive in the market. NCE

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Our hospital is a tertiary referral centre in South Africa that manages up to 8000 high-risk deliveries per year of which 45% of newborns are of low birth weight (<

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), endorsed at the World Health Assembly in May 2015, recognised the need for sustainable and increased investment in new medicines, diagnostic tools,

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The antibiotics pipeline is insufficient to address the growing public health threat posed by Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens—which are among the hardest to treat—and by other antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Of the 42

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Despite the many health system challenges faced by resource-poor LMICs, access to new antibiotics used in the treatment of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively-drug resistant (XDR) bacterial infections should be

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a massive and growing concern worldwide. What can stop it? It is a complex and far-reaching problem with no easy answers, but we are trying to

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” The R&D pipeline for new antibacterials to treat increasingly resistant bacterial infections is virtually dry. Very few classes of new antibiotics in particular to treat Gram-negatives have come to the

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Great progress on push incentives In the Review on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), Lord Jim O’Neill called for a Global AMR Fund with $2 billion over five years. In the past

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” A question I’m frequently asked is “with the rise of drug-resistant infections, how does GARDP decide where to focus its efforts”? It’s a reasonable question. And our approach is simple.

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” Six new antibiotics have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over the last four years. So, at a first glance it seems that there is renewed

PLEASE NOTE: The Viewpoints on our website are to be read and freely shared by all. If they are republished, the following text should be used: “This Viewpoint was originally published on the REVIVE website revive.gardp.org, an activity of the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP).” When I first started leading the AMR Review in 2014, I soon came to the conclusion that, if the current model wasn’t delivering new antimicrobial drugs, the solution was obvious:

The views and opinions expressed in this blog are solely those of the original author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of GARDP, their donors and partners, or other collaborators and contributors. GARDP is not responsible for the content of external sites. John H. Rex: Solutions for Antimicrobial Resistance David Shlaes: Antibiotics - The Perfect Storm Longitude Prize - Blog The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy (CDDEP)