Ramesh Agarwal works as a Professor of Paediatrics, leads the Newborn Division and WHO-CC at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

He is engaged in establishing a program on Neonatal Sepsis involving institutions and scientists of diverse background in India and beyond. The program so far has produced research outputs that have added meaningful value to our understanding. He has a keen interest in healthcare technology innovation and supports and mentors many groups that makes healthcare affordable and high quality in developing countries.

He is the chief editor of Protocol in Neonatology, a widely read journal from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences India in the region. He has published in peer-reviewed journals, contributed to guidelines, and contributes to national and international health initiatives.