Push and pull incentives

Push incentive aims to support innovation, research, and development of new antibiotics from the early stages of basic science to clinical trials, regardless of successful access to the market. It does so by lowering developers’ costs and risks through financial, tax and technical incentives.

Pull incentive aims to reward new antibiotics that have successfully proven scientific viability and relevancy to the market. It does so by reducing the risk of insufficient future revenues by utilizing mechanisms to ensure developers’ financial viability.

Video definition by Christine Årdal, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) (Norway).

Pull Incentives for Antibacterial Drug Development: An Analysis by the Transatlantic Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2017)

Financing pull mechanisms for antibiotic-related innovation: Opportunities for Europe (Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020)